Technological studies on the essential oil of coriander

This study aimed to investigate the effect of different extraction methods [hydrodistillation, modified hydrodistillation and organic solvent extraction] of essential oil from coriander fruits on its chemical constituents. Also to investigate the changes in the chemical composition and physiochemical properties of coriander volatile oil during storage as a result of packing in different containers P.V.C., glass and aluminum] as well as, the effect of different drying methods [oven drying, spray drying and lyophilization drying] for microencapsulation technique on the main constituent of the volatile oil. The quantitative and qualitative analysis were carried out using GC-MS for different extraction methods and microencapsulation experiments, while the oil samples for storage experiments were analyzed using GLC. Results indicated that hydrodistillation method was superior to the other two; also the storage of coriander volatile oil in aluminum containers for 180 days was safe and had no effect on any of the studied physiochemical parameters. Lyophilization drying method was the most suitable one for preservation of the volatile oil where most of the compounds as well as their relative percentage were nearly like the control sample

approach to easy care finishing of light weight wool fabrics

All garments exhibit the unwanted phenomenon of wrinkling. This is most noticeable in men's suits, where the structure of the fabric and garment and the conditions under which the garment is worn facilitate wrinkle formation. Traditionally, "better" suiting materials are composed of 100% wool. However, the growth of artificial heating and the use of readily-deformed light-weight wool fabrics increased the desire for improved easy-care and non-wrinkling properties. Breaking and rearrangement of different bonds in wool such as, hydrogen, ionic, isopeptide and disulphide bonds due to immersing the fabric in hot water and/or to walking or sitting result in wrinkling of the wool fabric. The most common method to increase the wrinkling resistance of the wool fabric involves permanent setting by hot pressing and by decatising. Additional and permanent setting can be done by formation of permanent stable crosslinks between the wool chains by the use of bifunctional reagents able to bridge two functional side-groups in the wool molecules. Permanent crosslinks between the wool chains can also take place by formation of lanthionine. Treatment of wool with metal salts, such as salts of chromium, mercury to improve its wrinkling resistance has been reported[1], but due to the toxicity of such metal salts, the use of this process was stopped. The crosslinking of wool with epoxide[2] and beta- sulphato-ethylsulphone[3,4] have been also reported. In the present work, the improvement of the wrinkle recovery of wool fabric has been carried out by the use of permanent cross-linkers by using the bifunctional reactant resins, dimethyloldihydroxy ethylene urea [DMDHEU] with low formaldehyde release and N, N-dimethyl dihydroxy ethylene urea [1, 3-dimethyl 4, 5-dihydroxy 2-imidazolidinone, DHDMI] with no formaldehyde release. Different catalysts were used for completion of the crosslinking reaction and their effect on the level of finishing was studied

comparative study for monitoring of irrigating fluid absorption during transurethral resection of prostate [TURP]

The study objective was to compare the ethanol concentrations [end expiratory] with serial serum sodium estimations and volumetric analysis of irrigatant balance. Thirty-eight male patients undergoing elective transurethral resection of prostate [TURP] with an anesthetic risk classification not higher than ASA II were chosen. A simple, reliable method to detect absorption of irrigating fluid during transurethral resection of prostate [TURP] was used to tag irrigating fluid with 1% ethanol and monitor expiratory breath ethanol concentrations. This method correlated well with other existing methods of absorption monitoring in 38 anesthetized patients. Ethanol [1%] tagging did not alter the optical quality of the irrigating fluid and is harmless to the patients. The technique is noninvasive, repeatable, cheap and gives instant results. It can be used in anesthetized or awake patients and can detect absorption of as little as 100-150 ml in any 10-minute period